Tag: nato

  • NATO drill sends divers, drones to sneak by underwater alarm sensors

    NATO drill sends divers, drones to sneak by underwater alarm sensors

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    MILAN — NATO has tested a series of alliance-made underwater sensors, meant to protect critical infrastructure in the oceans, by sending divers and drones to sneak past them.

    The experimentation event took place on Nov. 14 and was co-organized by Allied Special Operations Forces Command, or SOFCOM, and the NATO Centre for Maritime Research and Experimentation (CMRE) in La Spezia, Italy.

    The test, held in the context of the first edition of Exercise Bold Machina 2024, consisted of running special forces teams fitted with different equipment, including diving propulsion devices, through detection systems to assess if they would be picked up and provide engineers with insight into signature variations.

    Several companies provided a mix of sensors for the drill designed detect a variety of signals in the acoustic, magnetic, passive, and electric realms, officials said. Exercise organizers hooked up the readings to an augmented reality simulator in order to have analysts experience it directly.

    The biggest challenge when it comes to forces signature management underwater, is the element of uncertainty.

    “It’s not knowing if somebody knows, or if you’re being detected. … It is understanding that there is a system that has the capability to detect you, but that you know nothing about it and don’t know exactly what the capability is,” U.S. Navy Capt. Kurt Muhler, SOFCOM maritime development director, told Defense News in an interview.

    Muhler noted that the war in Ukraine was a “driving force” behind Bold Machina, given the extent of the damage and destruction done to critical infrastructure by Russian bombardment on land and at sea.

    “Russia is attacking Ukrainian infrastructure – why are they doing that? That’s almost a more viable target for them than the Ukrainian military is. … So that gives us some pause and reflection: how vulnerable are we?” he said. “If SOF can play a role in helping and proving this technology, that’s returning value for our nations and NATO.”

    SOFCOM’s role is to deter in peacetime and defend in crisis against the alliance’s two main threats: Russia and terrorist organizations, according to NATO’s website.

    The rapid proliferation of manned and unmanned underwater systems as well as the higher level of maritime activity have changed the operational landscape at sea, raising the intensity of competition over ocean spaces and introducing new types of threats.

    According to Muhler, there is a lot of “political interest” in defending key underwater structures, as in many cases these are not owned or within the boundaries of any single nation, leading to a multinational approach when it comes to their protection.

    “That political energy translates to resourcing the scientists, engineers and industry to come up with solutions. That’s the driving force for us to get in the water and have a seat at the table,” he said.

    Elisabeth Gosselin-Malo is a Europe correspondent for Defense News. She covers a wide range of topics related to military procurement and international security, and specializes in reporting on the aviation sector. She is based in Milan, Italy.

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  • NATO allies ready sea drones for the task of repelling enemy warships

    NATO allies ready sea drones for the task of repelling enemy warships

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    PARIS — A number of NATO countries are pursuing new naval concepts based on sea drones programmed to keep adversaries out of allied waters, a nod to Ukraine’s pursuits with such weapons against Russian ships.

    The alliance nations belong to the so-called Joint Capability Group for Maritime Unmanned Systems, or JCGMUS. The group, created following the 2018 NATO summit in Brussels, comprises more than a dozen nations considered full members, partners or observers.

    Every September, member countries stage one of the largest experimentation exercises with naval unmanned systems – the drill is abbreviated REPMUS – in concert with the Portuguese Navy to help accelerate drone technology testing and interoperability among allies.

    Next year, the emphasis will fall on using unmanned systems to keep adversary forces at a distance, a new tack for the group.

    “The roadmap of REPMUS will focus in 2025 on non-traditional sea denial – that is limiting an adversary’s maritime freedom of action, including through anti-access, area denial and disruptive and dispersible capabilities, based in part on of what we’ve seen in Ukraine,” Craig Sawyer, chair of JCGMUS said during a panel discussion at the Euronaval defense exhibition here on Nov. 5.

    One of the elements that allowed the Ukrainian Navy to create an anti-access perimeter was the deployment of different types of unmanned surface vessels, which in some cases drove straight into Russian vessels at sea or in port to neutralize them.

    The NATO official also added that one of the ambitions for next year’s drill will be to deliver an anti-submarine warfare barrier project demonstrator, an initiative established in 2020 and led by the United Kingdom.

    “The ASW barrier seeks to develop a technical demonstrator comprising both legacy and interoperable maritime uncrewed systems to securely provide a force multiplying anti-submarine warfare capability,” Sawyer said during his presentation.

    The project involves 12 other countries, including Italy, Canada, France, Germany, Spain, the U.S., Portugal, Denmark, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden and Australia.

    The widespread use of drones seen in Ukraine across all domains has spurred greater investments in these technologies, with many countries having launched national tenders to acquire new platforms.

    While procuring more unmanned assets is a necessity for many nations, Sawyer warned of the risk of tackling them alone.

    “The need for standards and interoperability becomes critical when you realize the mass and scale UxS [unmanned systems] represent – we will never be able to manage thousands of assets as individual cases and programs,” he said.

    Elisabeth Gosselin-Malo is a Europe correspondent for Defense News. She covers a wide range of topics related to military procurement and international security, and specializes in reporting on the aviation sector. She is based in Milan, Italy.

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  • Croatia to buy 50 German Leopard tanks under Ukraine discount

    Croatia to buy 50 German Leopard tanks under Ukraine discount

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    WARSAW, Poland — The government of Croatia has signed a letter of intent with Germany under which Zagreb aims to acquire up to 50 new Leopard 2A8s tanks for the country’s armed forces.

    The tanks are to be purchased under a reduced price to compensate the Croatian Army for its planned transfer of used M-84 tanks and M-80 infantry fighting vehicles to Ukraine.

    The agreement was signed during an official visit by Croatian Deputy Prime Minister and Defence Minister Ivan Anušić to Germany during which the official met with his German counterpart, Boris Pistorius, on Oct. 28.

    “This is one of the largest and most significant modernization projects of the Croatian military, along with all the modernization projects of the Croatian Air Force and the Croatian Navy. We have reached the point of strengthening our armored forces, our tank battalions,” Anušić was quoted in a statement released by his ministry.

    The talks in Berlin were accompanied by various initiatives to tighten the cooperation of Germany’s and Croatia’s defense sectors. On Oct. 29, Rheinmetall announced it had signed a memorandum of understanding to establish a joint venture with Croatian company DOK-ING, a manufacturer of unmanned ground systems (UGS).

    “The agreement provides for joint development and subsequent marketing of the new DOK-ING Komodo platform. Rheinmetall AG is contributing various capability modules/upgrade kits … as well as its international market access and industrial capacities,” the German vendor said in a statement.

    Croatia is joining a growing number of NATO’s Eastern European member states that plan to buy German-made tanks. The Croatian ministry’s decision to purchase tanks made by KNDS follows Lithuania’s announcement last week that it also intends to acquire Leopard 2A8s for its military.

    On Oct. 22, the Lithuanian State Defence Council approved the Defence Ministry’s plans to purchase the weapons. The Baltic state aims to establish a new division within the country’s military in response to Russia’s ongoing invasion of Ukraine. The unit will comprise infantry fighting vehicles and a tank battalion, among other elements.

    Lithuanian officials have suggested they are eying a purchase of up to 54 Leopard 2A8s.

    Jaroslaw Adamowski is the Poland correspondent for Defense News.

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