Tag: dn-dnr

  • Europe launches space mission in defense against city-killer asteroids

    Europe launches space mission in defense against city-killer asteroids

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    PARIS — Europe launched its first spacecraft to help develop a defense against city-killer asteroids slamming into Earth.

    The European Space Agency’s Hera mission, to which defense firms Thales and Leonardo contributed technology through their joint venture Thales Alenia Space, took off from Cape Canaveral on Monday riding on a Space X Falcon 9 rocket. The mission will study the results of a NASA experiment that was humankind’s first attempt at deflecting an asteroid.

    About 30,000 asteroids measuring 100 to 300 meters travel the solar system in orbits that bring them relatively close to Earth, with one such space rock hitting the planet every 10,000 years, according to Thales. The impact of such an asteroid would be equivalent to an explosion of around 50 megatons, equal to the Soviet Union’s Tsar Bomba, the most powerful nuclear weapon ever tested.

    “We currently know of more than 35 000 asteroids that come close enough to Earth for us to keep an eye on,” ESA wrote in post on X, formerly Twitter. “Hera is part of the international effort to answer the question: Could we do anything if we spotted one on a collision course?”

    The Hera mission will investigate the result of NASA’s asteroid redirection test, in which the U.S. agency rammed a spacecraft into the asteroid Dimorphos in 2022 to test planetary defense capabilities. Hera will reach the binary asteroid system that includes Dimorphos in October 2026, and gathering close-up data may help turn NASA’s kinetic impact experiment into a potentially repeatable planetary defense technique, Thales said.

    Mid-sized asteroids are the ones to worry about, as their impact would be devastating for a populated area, capable of destroying an entire city or create a tsunami, according to Thales. Binary systems, a term describing pairs of two orbiting each other, account for around 15% of all known asteroids, but none have ever been studied in detail, ESA says.

    “Hera will provide valuable data for future asteroid deflection missions and science to help humanity’s understanding of asteroid geophysics as well as solar system formation and evolutionary processes,” SpaceX said in a post on X.

    Thales Alenia Space provided the communications subsystem for the Hera mission, allowing ESA to track and control the spacecraft from a distance of up to 500 million kilometers away, Thales said. The joint venture also supplied the power unit.

    ESA plans to build on the experience acquired with Hera for its future Ramses mission, which needs to launch in 2028 for a rendezvous with the asteroid Apophis, which will pass within 32,000 kilometers of Earth in April 2029.

    “If we did detect an asteroid on a collision course with Earth, a reconnaissance mission like Hera or Ramses would likely be launched as soon as possible to precisely determine the object’s trajectory and rule out a false alarm,” ESA said on X.

    Such as mission would also measure the asteroid’s physical properties, which would be essential to determine when and where, and with what power, a deflector mission would need to hit the asteroid to safely divert it away from Earth, according to ESA.

    Rudy Ruitenberg is a Europe correspondent for Defense News. He started his career at Bloomberg News and has experience reporting on technology, commodity markets and politics.

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  • Italian minister proposes fresh taxes on arms makers’ windfall profits

    Italian minister proposes fresh taxes on arms makers’ windfall profits

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    ROME — Italian defense companies whose profits have soared thanks to armed conflicts around the world could face increased taxation, Italy’s finance minister has suggested in a speech which has been challenged by his allies.

    Minister Giancarlo Giorgetti said the imposition of fresh taxes on Italian arms makers could be part of across-the-board revenue raising by the Italian government as it struggles to boost its finances.

    “There will be a general call for everyone to contribute, not just banks,” he said on Thursday, adding, “One could say that with all these wars, those who produce arms are doing particularly well.”

    Asked if he would consider upping taxation on the sector, he said, “Evidently yes.”

    He added, “We will be approving a budget that will require sacrifices from everyone.”

    Shares in Italy’s largest defense firm, Leonardo, dropped after Giorgetti’s speech to 20.56 euros from 21.10 a day earlier before rising slightly to 20.87 euros on Friday.

    The firm’s share price has risen dramatically in the last two years on the strength of new orders and the rise in defense spending fueled by the conflict in Ukraine.

    From between six and seven euros a share just before the Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, the price of Leonardo shares reached around 24 euros in June of this year.

    Announcing its half year results in July, the firm said it had a record order backlog worth €43 billion, helping it make a half year profit of €555 million, up 168% on the previous year.

    Giorgetti’s announcement, which came as the Italian government works on its year-end budget, prompted surprise from allies in Italy’s right wing government who oppose new taxes.

    Federico Freni, a junior finance minister who answers to Giorgetti, said, “There is no tax raise for anyone being studied. New taxes are not part of the DNA of this government.”

    On Friday, Italian foreign minister Antonio Tajani, said, “No new taxes, we are totally against imposing new taxes,” adding, “There have been some misinterpretations of some words said yesterday” by Minister Giorgetti.

    He said, “as long as we are in government there will be no new taxes for Italians.”

    Tom Kington is the Italy correspondent for Defense News.

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  • Pentagon taps commercial vendors for low-cost, throwaway drones

    Pentagon taps commercial vendors for low-cost, throwaway drones

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    Pentagon officials want to build America’s arsenal of cheap, disposable drones, staple weapons of the war in Ukraine, pinging commercial vendors for systems with mass-production potential.

    The Defense Innovation Unit released a solicitation this week for one-way, uncrewed aerial systems that can fly at ranges of 50 to 300 kilometers in low-bandwidth, GPS-denied environments.

    “Recent conflicts have highlighted the asymmetric impact low-cost, one-way unmanned aerial systems have on the modern battlefield,” DIU said in the notice. “The Department of Defense must be able to employ low-cost precision effects at extended ranges.”

    DIU plans to hold a live flyoff demonstration as soon as December to evaluate the proposed systems.

    Small, one-way attack drones have featured heavily in recent conflicts — from Ukraine to the Middle East. Since last fall, the Iran-backed Houthi militia group has targeted commercial shipping vessels in the Red Sea, using aerial vehicles, uncrewed surface vessels and cruise missiles. Last week, the group launched what the Pentagon termed a “complex attack” on U.S. ships in the region.

    On Monday, Secretary Lloyd Austin announced that the Pentagon would focus the next round of its Replicator effort — a process for quickly fielding high-need technology at scale — on countering drone threats like these. But the department also recognizes the impact these systems can have and wants to stock up on its own supply.

    “Reliable, affordable, and adaptable long-range UAS platforms that allow for employment at scale will maximize operational flexibility for the joint force,” DIU said.

    A DIU spokesperson told Defense News that while the drones the department wants could perform attack missions, it’s also interested in systems that can fly electronic warfare, ISR and communications relay payloads.

    According to the solicitation, the vehicles should also be hard to detect and track, have several pathways for two-way communications and be equipped with mission planning software. Critically, the department wants modular systems that can integrate new hardware or software in a matter of hours.

    “Proprietary interfaces, message formatting or hardware that require vendor-specific licensing are not permitted,” DIU said.

    The notice doesn’t detail how many systems the department might buy and it doesn’t set a cost target. The spokesperson said that omission was intentional because DIU’s selections won’t be based on the cost of a particular drone, but on the cost of the effect the platform achieves.

    “The best way to think of what we’re targeting is a cost per effect,” the spokesperson said. “If we launch one $1M platform or ten $100k platforms and generate the same effect, then the cost per effect is the same and that’s what we want to focus on.”

    Courtney Albon is C4ISRNET’s space and emerging technology reporter. She has covered the U.S. military since 2012, with a focus on the Air Force and Space Force. She has reported on some of the Defense Department’s most significant acquisition, budget and policy challenges.

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  • Navy warships helped take down Iran’s attack on Israel, Pentagon says

    Navy warships helped take down Iran’s attack on Israel, Pentagon says

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    Two Navy destroyers launched around a dozen interceptors to help defend Israel against a massive attack by Iran on Tuesday, the Pentagon said.

    Pentagon spokesman Air Force Maj. Gen. Pat Ryder declined to say what kind of ordnance was used by the warships Cole and Bulkeley, or whether their intercept were successful, but he said the operations took place while both ships were in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea.

    Iran’s direct and widespread missile attack on Israel Tuesday was the second of the year, and once again threatened to spark all-out war in the Middle East, a grim future that the United States has worked to stave off since the Palestinian militant group Hamas attacked Israel on Oct. 7.

    The sky lit up over central and southern Israel Tuesday evening as ballistic missiles collided with air defense interceptors. Both the Pentagon and the Israel Defense Forces said they were still assessing the attack, but that Iran had launched around 200 missiles and there had been no recorded casualties.

    “Initial reports indicate that Israel was able to intercept the majority of incoming missiles and that there was minimal damage on the ground,” Ryder said.

    National Security Adviser Jake Sullivan called Iran’s response “failed and ineffective,” but warned that it was also a “significant escalation.”

    “This [result] was first and foremost the result of the professionalism of the IDF, but in no small part, because of the skilled work of the U.S. military and meticulous joint planning in anticipation of the attack,” Sullivan said.

    Iran’s attack comes a week after Israel assassinated the leader of Hezbollah, a Lebanese militia group that Tehran has armed for years. The strike in Beirut, followed by operations Israel launched across the border, have escalated a burgeoning conflict in Lebanon.

    The U.S. has already surged forces to the Middle East to help defend Israel and its own forces. It continued to do so this week, sending three fighter squadrons, including F-15s, F-16s and A-10s. This almost doubles the number of fighters in U.S. Central Command, which oversees American military operations in the Middle East.

    Over the weekend, Defense Secretary Lloyd Austin also ordered the aircraft carrier Abraham Lincoln to remain in the region as a bulwark against a wider war. Another carrier, the Harry S. Truman, is heading to U.S. European Command.

    These posture changes will add “a few thousand” U.S. forces to CENTCOM, according to the Pentagon, adding to the 40,000 already there — 6,000 more than normal.

    The U.S. insists the surge in forces has helped avert an a wider war in the region, an assessment Ryder repeated from the podium Tuesday, despite the recent attacks.

    “We’ve been working very hard from the beginning to prevent a wider regional conflict.,” he said. “Certainly, the type of aggressive action that we saw by Iran today makes that more challenging.”

    American forces, meanwhile, are under an elevated threat from Iran-backed proxies in the region.

    Last week, the Houthis, a militia group in Yemen, launched what the Pentagon called a “complex attack” with aerial drones and cruise missiles on U.S. ships in the Red Sea, though officials said no ships were struck and no sailors were injured.

    Iran’s attack Tuesday included around two times as many ballistic missiles than a similar barrage this April, which largely featured aerial drones that are much easier to intercept, Ryder said. No U.S. forces were targeted in the attack Tuesday, he continued.

    Austin spoke with his Israeli counterpart to discuss the attack and the “severe consequences” that would follow for Iran. Ryder wouldn’t elaborate on what those consequences will be, nor whether the U.S. would assist Israel in a direct strike on Iranian territory.

    Noah Robertson is the Pentagon reporter at Defense News. He previously covered national security for the Christian Science Monitor. He holds a bachelor’s degree in English and government from the College of William & Mary in his hometown of Williamsburg, Virginia.

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  • Defense tech companies can apply for Pentagon loans starting next year

    Defense tech companies can apply for Pentagon loans starting next year

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    The Pentagon announced its first direct lending tool Monday, offering loans to U.S. companies that make in-demand defense component technologies.

    Nearly $1 billion has been set aside for the Defense Department to award direct loans ranging from $10 million to $150 million.

    The Defense Department hopes the effort will help companies fund the construction and equipment needed to scale production across 31 technology categories deemed critical to U.S. national security. That includes areas like space launch, microelectronics fabrication, edge computing and quantum sensing.

    “DOD now has proven financial tools to enable millions of dollars of investment in national security priorities at limited cost to the department and the taxpayer,” Defense Department Office of Strategic Capital, or OSC, Director Jason Rathje said in a statement.

    The effort is geared toward businesses who need flexible financing options in order to attract additional investment and “unlock growth opportunities,” OSC said in a LinkedIn post Monday.

    For a company to receive an OSC loan, it must meet certain eligibility requirements established by DOD and the Office of Management and Budget to make sure projects are economically viable, low-risk for the government and mature enough to quickly enter the commercial market.

    The office will accept initial applications between January 2 and February 3. Following review, OSC will notify firms if their projects were selected to move to the next phase of the application process.

    OSC set up shop in December 2022 to help the Pentagon steer private capital toward the technologies and supply chains that are most important to DOD and broader U.S. economic security. The office is distinct from other department initiatives in that it focuses on investments in components rather than capabilities, and on lending funds rather than spending them.

    Congress gave OSC lending authority as part of the 2024 National Defense Authorization Act, which was signed into law in December. OSC released its inaugural investment strategy in March, creating a framework for the lending program that it expects to refresh on a regular basis as threats change and technology advances. The document outlined 12 initial priority areas, including biotechnology, quantum science, microelectronics, space-enabled services and sensor hardware.

    The office’s strategy is to partner with other government agencies to offer cost-effective tools that incentivize private capital firms to invest in the technology DOD needs.

    “As used by OSC in collaboration with federal partners, these financial tools will enable capital providers to invest in critical technologies that would otherwise be less attractive because the cost of capital is too high, the timelines for repayment or liquidity are too long, or the technical challenges are too risky for a nascent commercial market alone,” OSC said in its strategy.

    Courtney Albon is C4ISRNET’s space and emerging technology reporter. She has covered the U.S. military since 2012, with a focus on the Air Force and Space Force. She has reported on some of the Defense Department’s most significant acquisition, budget and policy challenges.

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